Theory Series: Transpersonal Therapy
Transpersonal Therapy (TPT) has evolved out of the humanistic theories in the early 1900s, but in some ways has origins, tracing way back to the beginning of spiritual practice, and humans. While humanistic theories claim spiritual development is one goal in life, TPT posits that spiritual growth is the greatest challenge in life and can lead to development of powerful human potential. William James was the first person to coin the term “Transpersonal” as this theory stretched beyond the usual confines of normal/abnormal psychology. Maslow, Grof, and Sutich were also notable names who contributed to this theory. Jung also deserves honorable mention as his teachings were TPT adjacent, regularly acknowledging and referencing the spiritual realm.
Ultimately, TPT acknowledges aspects of being that go beyond the here and now or the past and future. It acknowledges that human beings are more than just their egos and are capable of connecting to themselves, others, and the cosmos. Transpersonal experiences are likened to the feeling of being connected to something larger than oneself. This can be exemplified by the feeling one might get when they are awed by the vastness and beauty of nature. Another example might be the feeling of connection that occurs at a large, live music event. These connections are a powerful source of meaning and connection that can aid a feeling of belonging to something larger that has positive effects on mental health.
When a client seeks help using TPT, much of the potential for healing comes from developing a holistic perspective on being and on their issues. This could help them understand their issues in a broader context and illuminate potential paths forward. For example, a client experiencing depression without a clear cause might recognize that they are neglecting a fundamental spiritual need. These might be universal for humans, such as a need for love, or meaning in one’s work/life’s mission. Alternative interventions also include meditation, philosophical discussion, exploring traditions, and, of course, mindfulness.
Critics of TPT are quick to point out that it requires a propensity for abstract thinking and a relatively open mind. People who are not spiritual may struggle to accept many of TPTs perspectives/interventions. This is especially important to consider today, as modern spiritualism is dwindling rapidly in favor of scientific certainty. Additionally, it can sometimes too quickly dismiss personal issues in place of broader, universal notions. On the flip side, there are several benefits when used with the right clientele base. The spiritual component of TPT is an alluring way to fill the spiritual void felt by many today, as religious practice continues to decline at a rapid pace. Meanwhile, the rise of mental health acceptance could provide a more modern, acceptable lens for digesting spiritual ideals. Furthermore, it is the only theory that aims to heal people holistically, in mind, body, and soul. TPT clients often feel a resurgence of meaning in their lives and find peace in the thought of being part of something bigger than themselves - a notion that is not often found in modern mental health.
Growing up, TPT concepts and philosophies were often discussed in my home as my family was well versed in the philosophies of Rudolf Steiner - one of many contributors, referenced by modern day TPT. This is likely a big reason that TPT resonates deeply with me, although I admittedly oscillate with more cognitive/logic focused thinking. Personally, I find peace in TPT concepts, and I would be excited by the prospect of working with a specialist. However, I also recognize that there is a strong preference for modalities that are more grounded and rooted in science. TPT is by no means a mainstream theory, however, I would urge anyone who considers themselves spiritual to try it out!
For more information, you can check out Psychotherapy and Spirit: Theory and Practice by Brant Cortright. This is not an easy read by any means. It focuses more on the application of TPT psychology than anything else. Happy reading!
